Beijing asserts that Washington is using national security as a pretext to suppress Chinese firms operating abroad.
The list identifies what the department refers to as "Chinese military companies" that are directly or indirectly active in the United States, featuring many of China’s major technology and industrial enterprises.
On Saturday, China’s Ministry of Commerce stated: "[Washington has] repeatedly expanded the definition of national security, misused state authority, and unjustly targeted Chinese companies.
"These US actions have severely disrupted the international economic and trade system, threatened the stability of global industrial and supply chains, and violated the lawful rights and interests of Chinese businesses."